Pioneers of the Spirit: Hildegard of Bingen

The German nun and abbess, Hildegard of Bingen (1028-1179) , was an intellectual, writer, composer, and artist. She wrote about music - her musical compositions are being played to this day - art, medicine, natural history and theology. Hildegard is remembered also for her visions, which she wrote about in great detail. She was outspoken and criticized abuses wherever she saw them; kings and clergy alike received her admonitions. She was a renaissance woman, far ahead of her time.

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